1,Ifomu lokuhluleka kwe-MC pulley kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesizathu　

　　Impahla yenayiloni ye-MC iba i-polyamide ngokwekhemikhali futhi iqukethe amabhondi e-covalent namamolekyuli, okungukuthi i-intra-molecular eboshwe ngamabhondi ahlangene kanye nama-inter-molecular ahlanganiswe amabhondi amamolekyuli.Lesi sakhiwo sezinto ezibonakalayo sinezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ezifana nesisindo esincane, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukufakwa kwe-insulation, njll. Kuyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela esetshenziswa kabanzi [1].　

　　Ipuli yenayiloni ye-MC esetshenziswa kumnyango wesihlangu we-Tianjin Metro Line 2 izoba nezinhlobo ezimbili ezilandelayo zokwehluleka ngemva kwesikhathi esithile: (1) ukuguga emaphethelweni angaphandle epuli;(2) imvume phakathi kweringi yangaphakathi ye-pulley kanye ne-bearing.

Izizathu zezinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla zokwehluleka, ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kwenziwa.　

　　(1) Umzimba womnyango awulungile, futhi ukuma kwe-pulley kuyoba okungalungile ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okuzokwenza ukuthi unqenqema lwangaphandle luguge, futhi amandla ohlangothi lwangaphakathi lwe-pulley kanye nokuthwala kuzovela ngezindlela ezahlukene ukucindezeleka kwendawo.　

　　(2) ithrekhi ayiqondile noma indawo yethrekhi ayiphansi, idala ukuguga ngaphandle.　

　　(3) Lapho umnyango uvuleka futhi uvala, umnyango oshelelayo uyanyakaza, isondo elishelelayo lingaphansi komthwalo we-cyclic isikhathi eside, okuholela ekuguqulweni kokukhathala, isondo elingaphakathi le-pulley likhubazekile futhi kukhiqizwa igebe.　

　　(4) umnyango ekuphumuleni, i-pulley ibithwele isisindo somnyango oshelelayo, isikhathi eside ukuthwala umthwalo ongaguquki, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwe-creep.　

　　(5) Kukhona umehluko wobulukhuni phakathi kokuthwala kanye ne-pulley, futhi isenzo se-extrusion eside sizokhiqiza ukuguquguquka futhi kubangele ukwehluleka [2].　

　　2 MC inqubo yokubala pulley impilo　

　　I-MC nylon pulley iyisakhiwo se-polymer sezinto zobunjiniyela, ekusebenzeni kwangempela kokusebenza, ngezinga lokushisa kanye nendima yomthwalo, ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana okuguquguquka okungenakuguqulwa, okuholela ekubhujisweni kwezinto [3].　

　　(1) Uma kucatshangelwa ngokwezinga lokushisa: ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa endaweni ezungezile, lobu budlelwano obulandelayo bukhona phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo zezingxenye zemishini kanye nesikhathi sokwehluleka, okushiwo njengomsebenzi we　

　　F (P) = Kτ (1)　

　　lapho u-P eyinani lempahla engokoqobo nemishini;I-K yizinga lokuphendula elingaguquki;τ yisikhathi sokuguga.　

　　Uma impahla inqunywa, khona-ke inani elingu-P lamapharamitha aphathekayo ale nto liyanqunywa, futhi amanani aqinisekisiwe okuqina nokugoba asethwe ngaphezu kwama-80%, khona-ke ubuhlobo phakathi kwesikhathi esibalulekile kanye nokungaguquki kuka-K　

　　τ=F(P)/K (2)　

　　I-K engashintshi kanye nezinga lokushisa elingu-T lanelisa ubudlelwano obulandelayo.　

　　K=Ae(- E/RT) (3)　

　　lapho u-E engamandla okuqalisa;I-R iyindawo ekahle yegesi;U-A no-e yizinto ezihlala njalo.Ukuthatha i-logarithm yala mafomula amabili angenhla ngokwezibalo futhi sicubungula ukwakheka, siyayithola　

　　lnτ = E/(2.303RT) C (4)　

　　Kuzibalo ezitholiwe ngenhla, u-C uyisimo esingaguquki.Ngokwezibalo ezingenhla, kuyaziwa ukuthi kunobudlelwano obuhle obufanayo phakathi kwesikhathi esibucayi nezinga lokushisa .Ukuqhubeka nokuguqulwa kwe-equation engenhla, sithola.　

　　lnτ=ab/T (5)　

　　Ngokusho kwethiyori yokuhlaziywa kwezinombolo, ama-constants a no-b esilinganisweni esingenhla anqunywa, futhi impilo ebalulekile ekushiseni kwesevisi ingabalwa.　

　　I-Tianjin metro line 2 ngokuyisisekelo iyisiteshi esingaphansi komhlaba, ngenxa yendima yomnyango wesihlangu nokulawula indandatho, izinga lokushisa okukhona kulo ipulali lizinzile unyaka wonke, likalwa ngokuthatha inani lesilinganiso esingu-25.°, ngemva kokuhlola itafula, singathola a = -2.117, b = 2220, letha t = 25° ku-(5), singangenaτ = 25.4 iminyaka.Thatha isici sokuphepha esingu-0.6, futhi uthole inani lokuphepha leminyaka engu-20.3.　

　　(2) umthwalo ekuhlaziyeni impilo yokukhathala: ukuqagela okungenhla kokucatshangelwa kwezinga lokushisa lokubala kwe-pulley yokuphila, futhi ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, i-pulley izophinde ibe ngaphansi kwendima yomthwalo, umgomo wayo uthi: isakhiwo se-polymer molecular ngaphansi Isenzo somthwalo oshintshanayo sikhiqize ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okungenakuhlehliswa kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana, izisebenzi zemishini endimeni yeketanga lamangqamuzana, zakhiqiza ukuzungezisa nokuhlanekezela, ukwakheka kwephethini yesiliva kanye nephethini yesiliva yebhande le-shear, efanekisela ukukhathala, kanye nokuqoqwa kwenani elikhulu. inombolo yokulayisha umjikelezo oshintshanayo, iphethini yesiliva yanda kancane kancane, yakha umfantu, futhi yanwetshwa kakhulu, futhi ekugcineni yaholela ekwephukeni komonakalo wezinto ezibonakalayo.　

　　Kulesi sibalo sempilo, ukuhlaziya impilo kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zendawo ekahle, okungukuthi ithrekhi iyisicaba futhi indawo yomzimba womnyango nayo iyisicaba.　

　　Okokuqala cabangela umthelela wemvamisa yomthwalo empilweni: isicabha esishelelayo ngasinye sinemibhobho emine, ipulali ngayinye yabelana ngekota yesisindo somnyango, ngemva kokuhlola ulwazi lokuthi isisindo somnyango oshelelayo singama-80kg, amandla adonsela phansi omnyango angatholakala: 80× 9.8 = 784 N.　

　　Bese wabelana ngamandla adonsela phansi ku-pulley ngayinye njenge: 784÷ 4 = 196 N.　

　　Ububanzi bomnyango oshelelayo buyi-1m, okungukuthi, isikhathi ngasinye lapho umnyango uvulwa futhi uvaliwe u-1m, bese ukala ububanzi be-pulley ngu-0.057m, ingabalwa njenge-perimeter yayo: 0.057× 3.14 = 0.179m.　

　　Khona-ke umnyango oshelelayo uvuleka kanye, inani lokujika i-pulley okudingeka lihambe lingatholakala: 1÷ 0.179 = 5.6 amajika.　

　　Ngokwemininingwane enikezwe uMnyango Wezokuphathwa Kwezimoto, inani lokugijima ohlangothini olulodwa lwenyanga ngu-4032, elingatholakala enanini lokugijima ngosuku: 4032÷ 30 = 134.　

　　njalo ekuseni isiteshi sizohlola umnyango wesikrini izikhathi ezingaba ngu-10, ngakho-ke inani eliphelele lokunyakaza kweminyango eshelelayo ngosuku: 134 10 = izikhathi ezingu-144.　

　　shintsha isicabha esishelelayo kanye, i-pulley ukuya ku-11.2 amajika, umnyango oshelelayo wosuku unomjikelezo wokushintsha ongu-144, ngakho-ke inani eliphelele le-pulley ligijima ngosuku: 144× 5.6 = 806.4 amajika.　

　　Isiqephu ngasinye se-pulley, kufanele sibe ngaphansi komjikelezo wamandla, ukuze sithole imvamisa yamandla ayo: 806.4÷ (24× 3600) = 0.0093 Hz.　

　　Ngemuva kokuhlola idatha, i-0.0093 Hz le mvamisa ihambisana nenani lemijikelezo eseduze nokungapheli, okubonisa ukuthi imvamisa yomthwalo iphansi kakhulu, lapha akudingeki ukuthi ucabange.　

　　(3) futhi cabangela umthelela wengcindezi empilweni: ngemva kokuhlaziya, ukuthintana phakathi kwe-pulley kanye nethrekhi yokuxhumana okungaphezulu, kulinganiselwa ukuthi indawo yayo: 0.001.1× 0.001.1 = 1.21× 10-6m2　

　　Ngokwemethrikhi yokucindezela: P = F / S = 196÷ 1.21× 10-6 = 161× 106 = 161MPa　

　　Ngemva kokuhlola ithebula, inani lemijikelezo ehambisana ne-161MPa ngu-0.24×106;ngokwenombolo yomjikelezo wanyanga zonke izikhathi ezingama-4032, inani lemijikelezo ngonyaka lingatholakala: 4032×12=48384 izikhathi　

　　Khona-ke singathola le ngcindezi ehambisana nempilo ye-pulley: 0.24× 106÷ 48384 = iminyaka engu-4.9